How can I tell if a surgical instrument hasn't been cleaned properly?

I’m assuming you are referring to an instrument that is in appropriate, intact sterile packaging.

An easy way to determine if an instrument is sterile or not is to check the external chemical indicator on either chemical indicator tape or special markings on sterilization bags that change color.

It is still important to examine the instrument for gross contamination, especially in areas where tissue or blood may get stuck, if you suspect it was not properly cleaned prior to sterilization. All hinged instruments, such as scissors, are required to be disassembled or in the open position.

Sterile processing staff are also required to perform daily sterilizer checks at a minimum and log all of the data collected. That might be a little more in depth than what you are looking for.

https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/disinfection/...